The Zanzibar Archipelago consists of four main islands of which, Zanzibar locally known as Unguja, and Pemba are the largest. Surrounding Unguja are a number of smaller islets, both inhabited and uninhabited. Located in the Indian Ocean on Swahili Coast, adjacent to mainland Tanzania, the island covers an area of approximately 985 km2 and is separated from the Tanzanian mainland by a channel some 56 km wide. Zanzibar was once known as the most important trading city in the whole of the Indian Ocean and the world’s largest producer of cloves. Today agriculture and fishing are the principal economic activity among a large percentage of the population, while major exports remain cloves, coconut products, and spices.
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The Rift Valley lakes are a group of lakes in the East African Rift that runs north-south through the eastern side of the African continent, from Ethiopia in the north to Malawi in the south. These lakes include some of the oldest, largest, and deepest lakes in the world. Many are freshwater ecoregions of great biodiversity, while others are alkaline "soda lakes" supporting highly specialized organisms.
Kenya's Coastal belt stretches nearly five hundred kilometers from the Tanzania border to the south, to Kiwayu on the Somali border to the north. Stretching for the whole of its length Kenya's beaches are protected by a coral reef within which are lagoons in which thrive the most fascinating and exotic marine life.
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